Raw Material of Forgings: Billet, Bar, Bloom and Ingot

During the fabrication process of forged flanges and forged fittings, the nomenclature of raw materials is diversified as "bar", "billet", "ingot" and "bloom", etc. In fact, this really confuse many people since there is no definitive code for it.

An ingot is formed by casting a generic shape from molten liquefied metal. A bloom is available in the same quality standard as ingot with respect to chemistry and melting procedures. Bloom, which has been beta processed(preliminarily rolled), provides smaller alternative sizes to ingot. Bloom is provided in round, square, or round-cornered square cross sections. The product can be spot ground or overall conditioned. Ultrasound testing of bloom available upon request. A billet is a small, usually rectangular bar of iron or steel in an intermediate stage of manufacture. It has smaller sizes than bloom and sometimes are formed by continuous casting. Bars are coming from finish rolling of raw billets with even smaller cross sections which can be round, rectangle, hexagonal or octagonal, etc.

In forging industry, all raw material can be generally called ingot. A bar has an area of cross section less than 105 square cm. The area of a billet is usually between 105 to 230 square cm while the one which has an area larger than 230 square cm is called bloom.

Views: Author：hbmetals Date:15/06/24